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Advantages and Applications of Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output

Introduction to Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)


Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is an antenna technology that has become a fundamental element of modern wireless communication standards. Specific MIMO techniques collectively represent a method for increasing access point capacity and using multiple antennas to achieve multi-path signal propagation. Massive multiple input multiple output fundamentally extends the capabilities of MU-MIMO by including more antennas and drastically improving network performance. It has thus become one of the foundational technologies for modern wireless cellular networks, including the 4G standards, LTE and LTE Advanced technologies, and 5G technology.


Advantages and Applications of Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output


  • Increasing network capacity. MIMO OTA testing is an efficient method to maximize network capacity by leveraging Massive MIMO technology. Massive MIMO increases the capacity of a specific wireless communication network in two ways. First, it can deploy higher frequencies. Secondly, by using multi-user MIMO, cellular base stations with massive multiple input multiple output capabilities can send and receive multiple data streams from different users using the same frequency resources simultaneously. Note that network capacity depends on the total amount or number of data a specific network can provide to its end-users, and the maximum number of end-users that can be served based on expected service levels.


  • Enhancing network coverage. The application of 5G OTA technology has made it possible to achieve higher spectral efficiency through the use of massive multiple input multiple output processing, which coordinates multiple antennas with minimum power consumption. When used in 5G cellular network technology, its spectral and network efficiency is ten times higher compared to the fourth-generation network. Additionally, its application in 4G technology has improved the depth of coverage of the fourth-generation network. Because the next-generation cellular network technologies use higher-frequency electromagnetic radiation or more specifically, frequencies within or near the microwave range, signals they produce have a short propagation distance. Therefore, enhancing network coverage is crucial for modern and future cellular technologies.


  • Supplementing beamforming. The working principle of beamforming technology is to focus signals in a specific direction instead of broadcasting them in all directions, making communication between the transmitter and receiver more direct, connections more stable and reliable, and data transfer faster. As a signal processing technology and traffic signal system, it relies on advanced antenna technology on access points and end-user devices. The vast number of antennas found in massive multiple input multiple output systems supports 3D beamforming, with a single beam of electromagnetic radiation carrying the signal propagated in vertical and horizontal directions. This process further improves data transfer rates while simultaneously reaching elevated areas such as buildings and moving vehicles.

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